CANTONS DE L'EST

Earthquake17 February 1972

Magnitude
3.1ML
Depth
–
Max. int.
4
Belgian time
05:03:291972-02-17
UTC
04:03:291972-02-17

Main parameters

Magnitude and intensity

Two numbers often confused, with the values of this earthquake and of the Observatory’s catalogue.

Preparing the animation…

1Magnitude: the size of the earthquake

The magnitude (ML 3.1) measures the size of the earthquake at its source, from the amplitude of the waves recorded by seismographs: a single value for the whole earthquake. Since 1985, 97 % of the 3,122 earthquakes with a magnitude in the Observatory’s catalogue have a smaller one.

Animation drawn from the page and the Observatory’s catalogue (tectonic earthquakes since 1985, ML or MW magnitudes); short descriptions of the European Macroseismic Scale EMS-98.

Date and time1972-02-17 04:03:29 UTC
1972-02-17 05:03:29 Belgian time
MagnitudeML 3.1
Epicentral coordinates50.600° N, 6.100° E
Maximum intensity4
Event IDROB 618

Data source : ROB (Royal Observatory of Belgium)
Last update : 2011-06-27 18:19:24 Belgian time

Location map

Where and when the earthquake began

The focus, the epicentre and their uncertainties, with this earthquake’s values.

Preparing the animation…

1Focus and epicentre

An earthquake starts at depth, at the focus (or hypocentre). For this one, the depth of the focus could not be determined: the page does not show it. The point on the surface above the focus is the epicentre (50.600° N, 6.100° E), the one the map shows.

Values from the page and the Observatory’s catalogue (tectonic earthquakes since 1985).

  • Epicentre
  • Station that recorded the event

Macroseismic intensities

Intensities assessed for each municipality by the seismologists of the Royal Observatory, from the official questionnaires sent to the municipalities, letters received, the press and published studies. They make up the Belgian Traditional Macroseismic database (BTM).

Intensity data points
86
Maximum intensity
IV
Farthest municipality
45km · REULAND
Source quality
A
Show
Maximum intensity (Imax), EMS-98
  • I
  • II
  • III
  • IV
  • V
  • VI
  • VII+
  • Epicentre

Points by intensity

IntensityPoints
I59
II10
III11
IV6
Total86

Municipalities assessed with a range (Imin < Imax): 1. Switching between Imin and Imax shows the spread of the assessment.

List of the points (86)

Sources of the intensities

SourcePoints
Official ROB questionnaire, version 485
Letters received by the ROB1

Belgian Traditional Macroseismic database: Neefs B, Van Noten K, Vanneste K, Camelbeeck T (2025). The Belgian traditional macroseismic (BTM) database of the twentieth century. Journal of Seismology 29, 1005–1036. doi:10.1007/s10950-024-10266-9
Data set: Neefs B, Van Noten K, Vanneste K, Camelbeeck T (2024). The Belgian Traditional Macroseismic (BTM) Database of the 20th Century [data set]. Royal Observatory of Belgium. doi:10.24414/2b5w-j029

Notes and method

For each municipality, an assessment on the European Macroseismic Scale EMS-98: minimum and maximum intensity (Imin, Imax), equal or forming a range (III–IV) that reflects the spread of the testimonies in the municipality, “F” when the earthquake was felt but no degree could be given.

Seismic activity in the area

Known earthquakes around the epicentre, from the catalogue of the Royal Observatory of Belgium.

Within 10 km of the epicentre

110 other earthquakes in the catalogue since 1911. 108 of them occurred after this one. This is the largest known earthquake in the area.

Latest earthquakes before this one

DatePlaceMagnitudeIntensityDistance km
1911-05-30EIFEL-RAEREN(D)–38.5
1911-05-30EIFEL-ROETGEN(D)–38.0

Largest known earthquakes

DatePlaceMagnitudeIntensityDistance km
1972-02-17This earthquakeML 3.14–
1978-06-10EUPENML 2.8–4.4
1997-11-30Suspected earthquakeML 2.8–6.6
1998-04-06ROETGEN (DE)ML 2.3–8.3
2005-05-20ROETGEN (DE)ML 2.3–9.3

Municipality of Eupen

30 other earthquakes in the catalogue since 1988. 30 of them occurred after this one. This is the largest known earthquake in the municipality.

Latest earthquakes before this one

No earthquake known before this one.

Largest known earthquakes

DatePlaceMagnitudeIntensityDistance km
1972-02-17This earthquakeML 3.14–
2021-08-28BAELEN (BE)ML 1.7–6.2
2007-07-06KONZEN (DE)ML 1.6–10.1
1991-12-03ROETGEN(D)ML 1.5–7.5
2021-08-28EUPEN (BE)ML 1.4–6.4
Notes and method

Tectonic and induced earthquakes from the Observatory’s catalogue, suspected ones included; quarry blasts, explosions and other events are not counted. Epicentral distances on the WGS84 ellipsoid.

Municipality: 2025 municipal boundaries (Statbel), applied to every earthquake, including those before the merger of municipalities. For an epicentre outside Belgium, only the circular area is given. Each earthquake’s name is the catalogue’s: it may refer to a place near the epicentre.

Magnitude: the one given on each earthquake’s page (ML preferably, otherwise MW or MS); magnitudes of different types are compared as they are.

The epicentres of historical earthquakes are only known to within a few kilometres, sometimes more: whether they fall in the area is indicative. Small earthquakes have only been recorded as the station network grew: the area’s older earthquakes are mostly the largest ones, and recent activity looks more frequent.

Arrival times at the stations

Each station first records the P wave, the fastest, then the S wave. The farther a station is from the epicentre, the later the waves reach it and the wider the gap between the two.

Stations
15
Epicentral distance
32.8 – 605.0km
  • P wave
  • S wave

Table of measurements

Station measurements

P- and S-wave arrivals and ground displacement measured at each station. Click a column heading to change the order.

km°UTCUTCs
Belgian seismic network (Royal Observatory of Belgium)2 stations
DOUDourbes121.024304:03:50.70+21.70 s––
UCCH4Uccle124.928104:04:03.00+34.00 s––
Network LDG5 stations
HAUHAUDOMPRE289.117604:04:18.80+49.80 s––
LORLORMES405.220504:04:27.00+58.00 s––
LBFLES BUTEAUX431.220204:04:29.80+60.80 s––
SSFSaint-Saulge437.120704:04:30.30+61.30 s––
TCFToulx Ste Croix559.021204:04:39.00+70.00 s––
Dutch seismic network (KNMI)2 stations
HEEprox. Heerlen32.8345–04:03:41.00+12.00 s–
RSBRAVENSBOS37.233004:03:38.00+9.00 s––
Network PRU2 stations
KHCKasperske Hory561.6104–04:06:11.00+162.00 s–
PRUPruhonice605.093–04:06:28.00+179.00 s–
Bensberg seismic network (University of Cologne, Germany)1 station
BNSBensberg86.06104:03:46.70+17.70 s––
Network JEN1 station
MOXMoxa390.38704:04:26.00+57.00 s––
Network KRW1 station
BUHBUEHLERHOEHE263.514304:04:09.80+40.80 s––
Network STR1 station
WLSWelschbruch259.615904:04:12.40+43.40 s––
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