DIKSMUIDE

Earthquake23 March 1933

Magnitude
3.6MWH
Depth
–
Max. int.
5
Belgian time
18:481933-03-23
UTC
18:481933-03-23

Main parameters

Magnitude and intensity

Two numbers often confused, with the values of this earthquake and of the Observatory’s catalogue.

Preparing the animation…

1Magnitude: the size of the earthquake

The magnitude (MWH 3.6) measures the size of the earthquake at its source, from the amplitude of the waves recorded by seismographs: a single value for the whole earthquake. Since 1985, 98 % of the 3,122 earthquakes with a magnitude in the Observatory’s catalogue have a smaller one.

Animation drawn from the page and the Observatory’s catalogue (tectonic earthquakes since 1985, ML or MW magnitudes); short descriptions of the European Macroseismic Scale EMS-98.

Date and time1933-03-23 18:48 UTC
1933-03-23 18:48 Belgian time
MagnitudeMWH 3.6
Epicentral coordinates51.060° N, 3.030° E
Maximum intensity5
Event IDROB 500

Data source : ROB (Royal Observatory of Belgium)
Last update : 2022-12-12 14:19:58 Belgian time

Location map

Where and when the earthquake began

The focus, the epicentre and their uncertainties, with this earthquake’s values.

Preparing the animation…

1Focus and epicentre

An earthquake starts at depth, at the focus (or hypocentre). For this one, the depth of the focus could not be determined: the page does not show it. The point on the surface above the focus is the epicentre (51.060° N, 3.030° E), the one the map shows.

Values from the page and the Observatory’s catalogue (tectonic earthquakes since 1985).

Macroseismic intensities

Intensities assessed for each municipality by the seismologists of the Royal Observatory, from the official questionnaires sent to the municipalities, letters received, the press and published studies. They make up the Belgian Traditional Macroseismic database (BTM).

Intensity data points
19
Maximum intensity
V
Farthest municipality
47km · OUDENAARDE
Source quality
C
Show
Maximum intensity (Imax), EMS-98
  • I
  • II
  • III
  • IV
  • V
  • VI
  • VII+
  • Felt, no degree
  • Epicentre

Points by intensity

IntensityPoints
F1
III2
IV7
V9
Total19

Municipalities assessed with a range (Imin < Imax): 3. Switching between Imin and Imax shows the spread of the assessment.

List of the points (19)

Sources of the intensities

SourcePoints
Fourmarier and Somville (1933)13
Newspaper articles6
  • Fourmarier P, Somville O (1933). Le tremblement de terre du 23 mars 1933 en Flandre occidentale. Annales de la société géologique de Belgique 56B, 340-350.

Belgian Traditional Macroseismic database: Neefs B, Van Noten K, Vanneste K, Camelbeeck T (2025). The Belgian traditional macroseismic (BTM) database of the twentieth century. Journal of Seismology 29, 1005–1036. doi:10.1007/s10950-024-10266-9
Data set: Neefs B, Van Noten K, Vanneste K, Camelbeeck T (2024). The Belgian Traditional Macroseismic (BTM) Database of the 20th Century [data set]. Royal Observatory of Belgium. doi:10.24414/2b5w-j029

Notes and method

For each municipality, an assessment on the European Macroseismic Scale EMS-98: minimum and maximum intensity (Imin, Imax), equal or forming a range (III–IV) that reflects the spread of the testimonies in the municipality, “F” when the earthquake was felt but no degree could be given.

Points not yet validated in the ROB database (taken as they are into the BTM database): 13.

Seismic activity in the area

Known earthquakes around the epicentre, from the catalogue of the Royal Observatory of Belgium.

Within 10 km of the epicentre

One other earthquake in the catalogue, in 2011. One of them occurred after this one. This is the largest known earthquake in the area.

Latest earthquakes before this one

No earthquake known before this one.

Largest known earthquakes

DatePlaceMagnitudeIntensityDistance km
1933-03-23This earthquakeMWH 3.65–
2011-08-02VELDEGEM (BE)ML 2.438.3

Nearest beyond 10 km

DatePlaceMagnitudeIntensityDistance km
2026-10-07RUISELEDE (BE)sequence of 2ML 1.9–23.1
1968-12-27DE PANNE-KOKSIJDEML 2.5529.5
2014-07-17North SeainducedML 2.5–44.7
1938-06-12ZULZICH-NUKERKEsequence of 7ML 4.5549.6
1942-06-17ZULZICH-NUKERKE––49.6

Municipality of Ichtegem

No other earthquake known in the catalogue.

Notes and method

Tectonic and induced earthquakes from the Observatory’s catalogue, suspected ones included; quarry blasts, explosions and other events are not counted. Epicentral distances on the WGS84 ellipsoid.

Municipality: 2025 municipal boundaries (Statbel), applied to every earthquake, including those before the merger of municipalities. For an epicentre outside Belgium, only the circular area is given. Each earthquake’s name is the catalogue’s: it may refer to a place near the epicentre.

Magnitude: the one given on each earthquake’s page (ML preferably, otherwise MW or MS); magnitudes of different types are compared as they are.

The epicentres of historical earthquakes are only known to within a few kilometres, sometimes more: whether they fall in the area is indicative. Small earthquakes have only been recorded as the station network grew: the area’s older earthquakes are mostly the largest ones, and recent activity looks more frequent.

When the area holds fewer than 5 other earthquakes, the nearest ones beyond 10 km are listed too, up to 100 km. Sequences (aftershocks, swarms) take a single row there, that of their largest earthquake: an earthquake joins a sequence if it occurs at most 7 days after the previous one and within 5 km of the first.

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